Categories of risk
The Heritage Crafts Red List
Drawing on the conservation status system used by the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List and the Rare Breeds Survival Trust Watchlist, Heritage Crafts uses a system of four categories of risk to assess the viability of heritage crafts. A heritage craft is considered to be viable if there are sufficient craftspeople to transmit the craft skills to the next generation.
Extinct in the UK
Crafts classified as ‘extirpated’ or ‘locally extinct’ are those which are no longer practised in the UK. For the purposes of this research, this category only includes crafts which have become extinct in the past generation.
Critically Endangered
Crafts classified as ‘critically endangered’ are those at serious risk of no longer being practised in the UK. They may include crafts with a shrinking base of craftspeople, crafts with limited training opportunities, crafts with low financial viability, or crafts where there is no mechanism to pass on the skills and knowledge.
Endangered
Crafts classified as ‘endangered’ are those which currently have sufficient craftspeople to transmit the craft skills to the next generation, but for which there are serious concerns about their ongoing viability. This may include crafts with a shrinking market share, an ageing demographic or crafts with a declining number of practitioners.
Currently Viable Crafts
Crafts classified as ‘currently viable’ are those which are in a healthy state and have sufficient craftspeople to transmit the craft skills to the next generation. They may include crafts with a large market share, widely popular crafts, or crafts with a strong local presence. A classification of ‘currently viable’ does not mean that the craft is risk-free or without issues affecting its future sustainability/viability.
Heritage Crafts Inventory
The 2025 edition of the Red List of Endangered Crafts marks a significant evolution in how we understand and safeguard traditional crafts.
This year, we introduce the Heritage Craft Inventory – a new, inclusive framework that ensures all heritage crafts, regardless of their current status, have a place where they are recognised and valued under one umbrella. This expanded approach allows us to shine a light not only on endangered and critically endangered crafts, but also on those that are resurgent, culturally distinctive, or rooted in specific communities and regions. It reflects the dynamic landscape of craft today – one that is constantly evolving and shaped by both challenges and opportunities.
Culturally distinctive crafts
Crafts designated as ‘culturally distinctive’ might have a broad uptake across the UK, but hold a particular significance for a defined community of practice, whether that is geographic, cultural, ethnic or religious. Those that are also on the Red List are known as ‘crafts in need of cultural safeguarding’.
- Canal art and boat painting (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Cornish hedging (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Fair Isle Knitting
- Fair Isle straw back chair making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Fairground art (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Gansey knitting
- Harris tweed weaving
- Islamic calligraphy
- Northern Isles basket making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Orkney chair making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Petrakivka (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Pysanky (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Sgian dubh and dirk making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Shetland lace knitting
- Shinty caman making
- Sofrut calligraphy
- Sporran making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Thatching (Irish vernacular) (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Thatching (Scottish vernacular) (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Thatching (Welsh vernacular) (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Vardo and living wagon crafts (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Welsh double cloth weaving (craft for cultural safeguarding)
Resurgent crafts
Crafts designated as ‘resurgent’ are currently experiencing a positive trajectory as a result of an upswing in new entrants. Just because a craft is considered resurgent does not mean that it cannot also be endangered, but rather that its decline has started to reverse and that its situation is likely to continue improving.
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#matchMAKER opportunity!
Apprentice fabricator
Deadline: 1 August 2025
The Red7Marine apprentice fabricator is a developing apprentice position working in support of in-house fabrication works. Continually developing their welding and fabrication capabilities on live jobs and in the attainment of knowledge of fabrication, by learning from the experienced fabrication team within Red7Marine and college attendance.
Visit #matchMAKER via the linktr.ee in our bio to find out more.
#matchMAKER is the online platform for work-based training and entry-level employment opportunities hosted by @heritagecrafts and supported by @soane

This week’s #craftfocus is marionette making.
The making of traditional wood and string marionette puppets has a rich history that traces back thousands of years, with origins believed to lie in ancient civilizations such as Egypt, India, and Greece.
There is evidence of puppetry originally taking place in the UK around 600 years ago in the 1400s. The earliest recorded puppet show took place at Bartholomew Fair around 1600.
In the Victorian era, marionettes were a popular form of entertainment for adults and children in England. However, by the 1860s, permanent marionette shows were no longer popular, and traveling shows became more common.
More recently the tradition was continued with John Wright Marionettes (1952 in South Africa, then in Hampstead London by 1957) who then founded the Little Angel Theatre by the late John Wright and his wife Lyndie in 1961.
Marionette making techniques include:
-Drafting and designing
-Wood carving
-Joint making
-Treating and finishing
-Marionette control design
-Stringing
Classified as endangered on our crafts list, threats to marionette making include a lack of professional training opportunities; there is reduced opportunity to practice due to a limited number of productions, alongside an ageing workforce and few remaining teachers / practitioners.
Makers also encounter small business issues, reflecting general challenges to funding within the arts sector.
Images: Oliver Hymans @buddyollie
#heritagecrafts #craftfocus #marionettemaking

Over eight days we are profiling the recipients of our recent round of Endangered Crafts Fund grants.
Little Angel Theatre @littleangeltheatre in London has been funded to equip a new dedicated marionette-making workshop to practice and teach the craft.
Little Angel Theatre’s grant is funded by an anonymous donation to the Endangered Crafts Fund.
Peta Swindall, Executive Director of Little Angel Theatre, said:
“Receiving the Heritage Crafts Endangered Crafts Fund means we can take an exciting step forward – moving our design workshop into a public-facing shop space. This transformation will not only make the endangered craft of marionette-making more visible to the public, but also increase our capacity to teach marionette carving and support the important heritage of marionette puppetry at the Little Angel Theatre.”
📷 @garywilliams.photography

#matchMAKER opportunity!
Trainee trimmer
Deadline: 30 July 2025
Newton Commercial are recruiting a trainee trimmer. Working in an experienced team of trimmers you will learn all aspects of coach trimming. Working in various department, of cutting, sewing, panels, seat fitting leading to work on classic cars in the trim shop you will become a multiskilled trimmer.
Visit #matchMAKER via the linktr.ee in our bio to find out more.
#matchMAKER is the online platform for work-based training and entry-level employment opportunities hosted by @heritagecrafts and supported by @soanebritain.

This week’s #mondaymaker is Tom Moy @tommoystudio – a furniture designer maker.
Tom crafts bespoke furniture, sculptures, and objects designed to forge meaningful, lasting connections with their owners – rooted in a profound respect for the natural world and inspired by its textures and forms. Working from rural Somerset, Tom combines contemporary design principles with traditional techniques, shaping pieces that are as functional as they are beautiful.
View Tom’s profile on our maker’s directory: https://www.heritagecrafts.org.uk/maker/tom-moy-studio/
#heritagecrafts #mondaymaker #furnituremaking

Over eight days we are profiling the recipients of our recent round of Endangered Crafts Fund grants.
James Allen @cotmarshtannery from Wiltshire has been funded to buy a lime tank for the production of traceable vegetable-tanned leather from cattle hides.
James’ grant is funded by an anonymous donation to the Endangered Crafts Fund.
James said:
“Setting up an educational micro veg tannery has been a huge undertaking, and it wouldn’t have been possible without the support of organisations like Heritage Crafts. The lime tank that I will be able to buy with the grant from the Endangered Craft Fund is one of the key components of the tanning process and critical to the success of the tannery. Beyond the grant itself, the recognition and support from Heritage Crafts means a lot to me personally as it helps endorse my vision for the tannery and its objectives around education and supporting the tanning industry.”

This week’s #craftfocus is beadworking.
Beadworking is the craft of attaching beads to one another with thread or wire, or sewing them to cloth. Beads come in a variety of materials and sizes, and are used to create jewellery and can be incorporated into other forms of artwork and craft.
Beadwork techniques are broadly divided into loom and off-loom weaving, stringing, bead embroidery, bead crochet, bead knitting, and bead tatting.
Bead stringing involves adding beads to thread, cord, elastic, leather, beading wire or similar materials to create single, multiple or braided strands.
Off-loom beadweaving is the creation of an intricate chain or fabric of beads using a needle and thread and is often done with small beads called seed beads. Each stitch has its own unique thread path and many stitches have variations which can create either a flat strip of beadwork, a round tube, a spiral or a flat circular shape.
A bead loom is a device used to weave beads into a cloth-like beaded fabric, and can be used to create strips of flat beadwork or larger sized panels for incorporating into pieces such as purses or artwork. While faster than off-loom beading, it requires additional steps to set up the loom first
Bead embroidery is another form of beadwork where beads are stitched or sewn onto a fabric or backing. With many different embroidery stitches, this type can be used by itself or in combination with other crafts such as cross-stitch or quilting.
Beadworking is listed as viable on our crafts list; however, threats include a lack of comprehensive and widely accessible training opportunities. The advent of shops selling cheap and mass produced beadwork has also impacted the craft, alongside being more labour and cost intensive compared to mass manufacturing methods.
Quality materials are restricted as many bead shops have closed and bead fairs have a decreasing number of exhibitors largely due to the availability of materials on the internet.
Images: Chloe Menage @pinkhot_uk
#heritagecrafts #craftfocus #beadworking
